5Īcceptance of the typewriter was slow at first, but was facilitated over the next several years by various improvements. 4 The main drawback of this model was that it printed on the underside of the roller, so that the typist could not view his work until he had finished. It began to be marketed commercially in 1874, rather improbably by a gun manufacturing company, E. 3Ĭhristopher Latham Sholes, with the assistance of two colleagues, invented the first successful manual typewriter in 1867. The fact that almost nothing is known about his early version today is evidence of its lack of success. Henry Mill, an English engineer of the early eighteenth century, is credited with its invention. But the first major advance from manual writing as far as the individual was concerned was the typewriter. The invention of printing and moveable type at the end of the Middle Ages 2 was the initial step in this automation. 1 The history of word processing is the story of the gradual automation of the physical aspects of writing and editing, and the refinement of the technology to make it available to individual and corporate users. It evolved from the needs of writers rather than those of mathemeticians, only later merging with the computer field. Word processing did not develop out of computer technology. It reflects the industry situation of that time, and should not be used either as a guide to current industry standards or to the present state of the art. 61 class at Foothill College, Los Altos Hills, California. Note: This paper was written in December, 1986 for a CIS 50 - Sec.
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